Essay on Dr. Eckleburg of The Great Gatsby - 502 Words

Dr. Eckleburg of The Great Gatsby Throughout the course of events in The Great Gatsby, the watchful eyes of Dr. T.J. Eckleburg stare into the depths of each character, while the Doctor serves as a god of conscience from his middle ground between two worlds. As the creations of F. Scott Fitzgerald, the characters whose stories unwind before us live twisted webs of lives in which there is a distorted view of a greater force outside their worlds. Dr. Eckleburg merely watches over the grey land and the spasms of bleak dust which drift endlessly over it at the spot where when the drawbridge is up to let barges through, the passengers on waiting trains can stare at the dismal scene for as long as half an hour (27-8). This is†¦show more content†¦There is not much sincere encouragement of morality, and even at the funeral of Gatsby a reference to God is vague to the point of barely existing in the text. Gatsby himself is his own God, emulating the basis of Gods essence: creation. He creates his own world and being to such an extent that rather than being included in the vast expanse of the territory over which the traditional view of God is all-powerful, he is about his Fathers business, the service of a vast, vulgar, and meretricious beauty (104), and is so in his own territory. Likewise, no character has any strong inclination towards a traditional God, but rather lives in his own perception of the universe. Among the ash heaps, the dark bridge, and the eyes of Dr. Eckleburg, there is no greater sense of religion. In this purgatory of New York, however, where sins bite and consciences nag, the giant eyes of Dr. T.J. Eckleburg [keep] their vigil (131). He watches, as God does, as the worlds of George Wilson and Myrtle, Gatsby, Daisy and Tom collide and dissolve, leaving the tangled mess that had arisen shattered and dead among the debris of his universe. Just like the fake, deceitful lives everyone led, there was a fake interest in God and religion. There was never any real understanding of the world in which they lived, with no attempt to explain why they were even there. In the world of the ash heaps and dustyShow MoreRelated The Eyes of Dr. T.J. Eckleburg in The Great Gatsby Essay459 Words   |  2 PagesThe Eyes of Dr. T.J. Eckleburg in The Great Gatsby In the novel The Great Gatsby, by F. Scott Fitzgerald, there is an important theme in the eyes of Dr. T.J. Eckleburg. These eyes watch over the events and characters of the novel like the eyes of God. Many things happen in front of the eyes of Dr. Eckleburg, like the vehicular manslaughter of Myrtle. There is one quote in particular that describes the eyes of Dr. Eckleburg. This quote has many different meanings to the reader, depending on whichRead More Failure and Destruction of a Romantic Ideal in Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby1639 Words   |  7 PagesThe Great Gatsby and the Destruction of a Romantic Ideal      Ã‚   In The Great Gatsby, F. 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The Importance of Planning For A Stereo Manufactur Essay Example For Students

The Importance of Planning For A Stereo Manufactur Essay erThe Importance of Planning For A Stereo ManufacturerThere have been a continuously developing process of recording, prepare process, and playback equipment during the last century. This has placed themusic in a totally new position in our society. Prior to the 20th century music was only related to special occasions likeconcerts and the high festivals. This has changed. Nowadays we listen to musicwherever we are, in supermarkets, cinemas, radios, official places and even fromsmall pocketsized players. Earlier all music was live, today almost all musicwe listen to are recordings. This also states that, the trends in the musicindustry is ever changing. The development of sound-recording technique hasmatured a serious audio industry. It contains of a wide spectre of differentmanufacturers, which often link to each other and to other participants in themusic/audio industry. Sale of records became the modern audio industrys launch. Because all recordplayers around the world were standardised, the sale of records had an enormoustake off. This made it possibilities to earn a good profit in the music/audioindustry, and many different equipment manufacturers arised. The market was, and still is, alive because of the continuing audio developments. Radios, cassette players, CD players, DAT players, minidisk players, etc. giverise to even more sales. In the 1960s the firs stereo recordings were made. Soon afterwards, theindustry introduced the notionHi-Fi (high fidelity) just to make clear howfar the development had come. When the cassette tape was introduced in the 1960s, many problems were solved. Now it was possible to produce a recorder which could be used when thesurroundings were in motion (i.e. in a car) . Now it was workable to bring thesource of music were ever people wanted. The cassette could also record, and wasextremely easy to use compered to the LP. Also the cassette became standardised. Later we got DAT, CD, minidisks, etc. which all have brought the audio market astep further. The stereo industry of today is noticed by several manufactures that compete inthe same market. Hence that competition is severe and the importance of being infront with design innovation, product consistency, value for money, soundquality and the firms goodwill, is of greatest importance. This also means that planning is crucial. Planning is something that is arranged beforehand. Worked out in advance toreach a goal. The ability to determine appropriate objectives:doing the right thing . The stereo industry consists of two main segments, the home stereo market andthe professional market. Even though many manufacturers operate in both thesemarkets, I will assume that Sonic Wave Ltd. only operate in the home stereosegment. Sonic Wave Ltd. has over the last years achieved a sustained period of dramaticgrowth and prosperity without use of any strategic plan. However, over the lastsix months it has seen a decline in sales because of a launch of an innovativerange of stereo equipment from an Asian producer. Their main problem is thatthey do not have a quick response to counter this challenge from Asia. This isbecause of their lack of planning. As with all industries a mission statement makes the main framework of a firm. In the stereo industry the mission statement is to produce equipment to pass onmusic to its listeners. Furthermore each firm must decide whom they want totarget, and with what sort of equipment they want to target the group. With this as a basis we are able to set a strategic goal. This goal shouldinclude our business philosophy; I.e. sound quality, price level, etc. as wellas an explanation for the chosen philosophy. It should also include what productrange to develop and produce. A clear aim is set. This provides a sense ofdirection. By setting a goal, one opens the possibility to diversify theresources availible. Both machinery and people have limited resources, whichshould be used in the most effective way. This also means that controllingbecomes more important, but also easier because each employer and employee haveclear tasks to perform. If we are about to reach the goals we have set withinthe deadline, we must know our progression. This information is obtained throughcontrol. In order to guide our plans and decisions it is crucial to have aclear goal. .u60613f881e1e6e38731ac0bfc88eb82e , .u60613f881e1e6e38731ac0bfc88eb82e .postImageUrl , .u60613f881e1e6e38731ac0bfc88eb82e .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u60613f881e1e6e38731ac0bfc88eb82e , .u60613f881e1e6e38731ac0bfc88eb82e:hover , .u60613f881e1e6e38731ac0bfc88eb82e:visited , .u60613f881e1e6e38731ac0bfc88eb82e:active { border:0!important; } .u60613f881e1e6e38731ac0bfc88eb82e .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u60613f881e1e6e38731ac0bfc88eb82e { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u60613f881e1e6e38731ac0bfc88eb82e:active , .u60613f881e1e6e38731ac0bfc88eb82e:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u60613f881e1e6e38731ac0bfc88eb82e .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u60613f881e1e6e38731ac0bfc88eb82e .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u60613f881e1e6e38731ac0bfc88eb82e .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u60613f881e1e6e38731ac0bfc88eb82e .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u60613f881e1e6e38731ac0bfc88eb82e:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u60613f881e1e6e38731ac0bfc88eb82e .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u60613f881e1e6e38731ac0bfc88eb82e .u60613f881e1e6e38731ac0bfc88eb82e-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u60613f881e1e6e38731ac0bfc88eb82e:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Personal Environmental Ethics EssayTo obtain this strategic goal we need a strategic plan (plan designed to meet anorganisations broad goal ). Without a strategic plan it is hardly possible tohave a view

Daniel the Prophet free essay sample

â€Å"God is my judge†. At a young age Daniel was carried off to Babylon where he became famous for interpreting dreams and rose to become one of the most important figures in the court. He began service to the royal court and abstained from unclean food (Daniel 1:8-16). Three years later, Daniel was brought before the King to interpret the Kings dream. The king was pleased and made Daniel ruler over the whole province of Babylon and chief prefect over all the wise men of Babylon (Daniel 2:48). In Chapter 4, we learn that Daniel interpreted another of Nebuchadnezzars dreams. Daniel remained in governmental service through the reigns of the kings of Babylon and into the reign of Cyrus of Persia after the Persians became the dominant world power (Dan 1:21; 10:1). Daniel was also a person of deep piety. His book is characterized not only by prophecies of the distant future but also by a sense of wonder at the presence of God. We will write a custom essay sample on Daniel the Prophet or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page From his youth Daniel was determined to live by Gods law in a distant land (Dan 1). In moments of crisis, Daniel turned first to God in prayer before turning to the affairs of state (2:14-23). Daniels fidelity to God exposed him to persecution by jealous rivals within the kings administration but the grace of God protected him (Dan 6). Role in God’s Promise of the New Covenant Daniel exhibited his fidelity to God throughout the challenges of his life, showing that we, too, need to show our fidelity to God even in times of hardships. The Book of Daniel is more than a treasure of prophetic literature. It also paints a beautiful picture of a man of God who lived out his commitment in very troubled times. We should never get so caught up in the meanings of horns and beasts that we forget the human dimension of the book-the intriguing person whose name means My God is Judge. 8 I heard, but I did not understand. So I asked, â€Å"My lord, what will the outcome of all this be? † 9 He replied, â€Å"Go your way, Daniel, because the words are rolled up and sealed until the time of the end. 10 Many will be purified, made spotless and refined, but the wicked will continue to be wicked. None of the wicked will understand, but those who are wise will understand. Daniel 12:8-10 (c) forschoolwork/oppapers. com

Globalization Managing Across Borders

Question: Discuss about the Globalization Managing Across Borders. Answer: Introduction: With the expansion of markets and increase in globalization, it is difficult to find opportunities for growth. Globalization can be defined as the process of international integration from the interchange of products, services, ideas or even culture. The organizations have been competing against each other with their unique competencies and cultures. The current world has companies competing with everyone thereby making the international and local markets more complex for survival. The concept of globalization involves developing standardized products with a standardized marketing mix. The phrase Think Global, Act Local is often highlighted within the context of globalization. In simple terms, the phrase is used in business strategy where the multinationals are encouraged to build local roots. In other words, the term is also known as glocal formed by the combination of global and local (Beck 2015). The firms use the term glocal as a part of their marketing and branding strategies. T he aim of this paper is to analyse the importance and concept of glocalization. The reasons why glocalization is important in the current business scenario and contributes to success is explained in this paper. The arguments are supported by evidence and examples (Chinomona and SibandaVaal 2012). The term glocalization was derived from a Japanese word dochakuka that originally meant adaptation to the local farming techniques. Therefore, the idea of word means creation of products or services intended for the global market, but customized to suit the local cultures. The companies of all fields such as technology, food and beverage, finance, manufacturing, clothing or supermarkets are hunting to capture new geographic markets. However, strong technology and strong financial resources are not enough as it does not guarantee success into the new markets. Every business expansion requires localized and strategic marketing to enter into new markets successfully. The multinationals discover that their experiences and assumptions may fail in a new and unfamiliar market. The hurdles go beyond the language and cultural hurdles. The companies need to tailor strategies, adapt sales and distribution approaches, modify pricing strategies, product offerings and redefine the marketing progra ms. It is also defined as the interconnection between global issues and local context and vice versa (Coe and Lee 2013). The one-size-fits all strategy in the modern world is an unsuitable approach. The successful multinationals encourage local knowledge and value individuality. Not all the people in the world have same tastes and preference. To exploit the emerging opportunities, the adaptability and agility is needed (Drori, Ho?llerer and Walgenbach 2013). With the increasing globalization in the last decade, the businesses have been divided into two extremes. While discussing the movement towards globalization, the businesses had to consider that the world is a marketplace. There was increase in standardization of products and greater access in international markets. As a part of reiterating localization, the regions try to protect and maintain local culture without being drained away by the forces of globalization. The concept of glocalization tries to balance the approaches in terms to adapting to the local tastes and preferences (Martinsons 2015). The concept of glocalization has some substances as it makes the social, economic and political interdependencies more global. The multinationals are looking forward to indulge in unique idiosyncrasies of local cultures. The glocal employees are making differences beyond domestic borders and achieving the main goal of global strategy. The term standardization is more susceptible to globalization, but is not a synonym (Drori, Ho?llerer and Walgenbach 2013). There are three different perspectives of international business- organizational structure, competitive process and standardization of marketing mix elements. The first global companies have built their vast empire based on these three perspectives. Standardization of products is the most cost-effective way to export a successful domestic product to deliver consistent quality to the multiple countries. The overhead costs can be well distributed if the companies are least adapting. A multinational corporation avoids direct competiti on with the local groups to know the market better (Matusitz and Lord 2013). The concept revolves around unacceptability of standardized products. The successful corporations need to develop a glocal strategy by utilizing their customization and experiences in a manner that attracts the local markets. Not only for product design and communications, the glocal strategy needs to be applied to the seven variables of the marketing mix, namely product, price, place, promotion, people, physical evidence and process (Edgington and Hayter 2012). According to the glocal strategy, certain core elements are standardized while other elements are localized. Glocalization can also be termed as a compromise between domestic and global marketing strategies (Drori, Ho?llerer and Walgenbach 2013). The concept describes that in order to be successful in the global markets, the marketing managers need to act locally to enter and capture any new market. The local units focus on the customer difference and the corporate level provides strategic direction in the global strategy (Co e and Lee 2013). For better understanding of the concepts, the differences between globalization, localization and glocalization is determined. In case of globalization, there is a tendency of international integration of products, services, technology, labour, information and capital. The products are standardized thereby saving cost. Localization involves adapting products and service to satisfy local needs and developing local appeal. The local brands face competition from both domestic and international brands. Glocalization takes local issues and provides a global offer regarding product service, brand or idea. In glocalization, global experience is used to differentiate in the local markets (Drori, Hllerer and Walgenbach 2014). Many companies are incorporating glocal that means going global retaining a local flavour of the business into the strategies. For example, McDonalds, one of the biggest fast food chains has established its operations in 119 countries (Edgington and Hayter 2012). The company has conformed to the product offerings and promotional strategies according to different countries and its respective culture. To meet the Middle Eastern local taste, the company introduced McArabia as the dish is to be loved by the Arab countries. Other than that, the company sells EBI Filet-O Shrimp Burger in Japan as it is a popular choice in the country. Not only products, the promotional techniques also differ on the basis of countries and cultures (Indartono and Chen 2015). In Muslim countries, McDonalds does not advertise during Ramadan as the people are fasting and do not consume food and drinks from sunrise to sunset. In the United States, the primary target audience for the brand are the children as the y watch advertisements the most (Osman, Johns and Lugosi 2014). Therefore, it is seen that McDonalds adjusts according to the popularity and consumer trends. McDonalds global success is credited to its ability to distinguish its brands. The company listens to the local customers, observes their habits and behaviours so that they can come up with innovative product offerings (Crawford 2015). Glocalization is the key to future business success as there has been a dramatic shift from global to glocal. In the past century, the multinationals have benefitted from globalization thereby bringing about significant behavioural changes among the consumers. However, glocalization is the newer trend promising a brighter future for the businesses. It is important for the companies to realize the importance of target consumer market to make the product and service offering more appealing. The key to success in todays business world lies in finding the correct balance between global and glocal requirements. Glocalization is an interactive process that helps multinationals developing core competencies (Gond and Boxenbaum 2013). Glocalization means adapting, blending or mixing of one or more processes that must be local. In case of globalization, the costs are eliminated by duplicated effort thereby allowing companies to take advantage of economies of scale. However, standardized products have certain disadvantages. The multinationals tend to lose their uniqueness in globalization as the customer base values its niche products. Moreover, if the company serves a particular market, through standardization they may lose former customers. Taking a simple example, a restaurant may build up its good will and reputation on exotic and varied menu and changes it to a standardized menu while predicting customer experience. However, the competitors providing variety in their menu shall make it tougher for the multinational (Kansara 2016). While expanding across borders, standardization of products may work against the company. It may be cheaper to make standardized products, but the needs and cultures vary in different markets. Therefore, standardization measures respond slowly to the market condition and end up costing more. Standardization of products may be advantageous in certain areas of business like production. However, there are some aspects of a business that must be tailored to customers needs. Therefore, there shall be loss of responsiveness. In local market conditions, standardized customer service, distribution, advertising and pricing strategies may be unsuccessful. Standardization has the potential to get a business into a rut. Market experiences changes and companies change it quickly so that they can take advantage of it (Kster 2016). It is further argued that standardization hampers or stifles creativity, especially the product design. Every business needs to understand the role of culture in international business. The cultural differences impacts profitability, regardless of the sector a business operates in. The multinationals need to be aware of the cultural differences in different countries as one need to be aware of the organizational culture of country it enters. Therefore, one needs to be aware of the key factors impacting the business directly. Language barrier is the most common obstacle in the success of any international business. Communication is the key to successful business as it is necessary in conducting international business. It is important to be aware of the basic customer needs as it is advantageous in conveying the message. If the multinationals are aware of the customers cultural background, they will be able to adopt better and use more suitable methods. Before launching a marketing cam paign, research must be conducted so that the companies become aware of the target audience (Liu et al. 2014). In the international scope, trade is improving due to technological advancements, transportation and communication opportunities. This in turn has increased access of consumers and businesses to access best products from different countries. Another example that can be stated supporting the importance and benefit of glocalization is Tesco. Tesco is one of the top three retailers with more than 440,000 staffs serving 30 million customers weekly (Zhou et al. 2017). The company operates in more than 12 countries other than UK serving retailing, food and non-food services (Coe and Lee 2013). The focus of the company is to listen and respond to the needs of customers. The research states that Tesco provides unique experiences to the customers in different countries. Tesco has been serving the British since 1920s, but in the outskirts of London it sells dozens types of sausages and salami. Based on the needs of Polish shoppers, Tesco sells its products as Polish consider deli food importan t. Moreover, Tesco aims to deliver local tastes and flavours from Asia to Eastern Europe. The shoppers in Thailand and Hungary have different tastes and Tesco has managed to meet the needs of people successfully and boosted sales (Coe and Lee 2013). Tesco has grown house brands for indulgent and value-conscious shoppers. It is not enough to have local merchandising. Tesco acknowledges the fact that shopping at hypermarket cannot be too exotic and it needs to become a part of the regular routine. Therefore, Tesco has taken understanding and responsiveness to the habits of its foreign consumers (Martinsons 2015). From the data gathered from shoppers, the consumers gave common responses such as better service, more variety, lower prices and non-food product options. Therefore, the company began to accelerate the construction of superstores that was bigger than the traditional supermarkets. Glocalization can be related with customization (Vorhauser-Smith 2012). As it is a new approach in the business scenario, the companies need to take efforts and adapt wherever necessary. Glocalization is important as it adds to customer satisfaction by adapting the product to local needs. The equipment available at the local area reduces capital expenses that may have occurred. The customers or potential clients in high-income countries have a tendency to buy more sophisticated products. Therefore, glocalization is advantageous to them as differentiated products with extra elements for this group of consumers. The time needed to adjust to the local needs and wants is also reduced. The multinationals can take advantage of subsidies or benefits as offered by the local government (Trapp 2016). Glocalization reduces final cost of the product as it need not be imported from foreign countries. The potential logistics cost can also be reduced as the products need not be imported. The local competition and local marketing can be facilitated as there is cultural difference in the consumers of international market. The businesses wanting to enter new markets need to have significant and thorough understanding of the local needs of consumers. The people are finding success by investing in a marketing program. The global marketplace is better connected due to the advancement in digital marketing and information technology. It is easier for businesses to make an online presence and the customers tend to find their favourite brands across the globe. However, they may not find the same experience at all places. As glocalization involves conducting of business according to local and global considerations and is important tactic for managers to consider if they want to increase the chan ces of international success. It is seen that SMEs and multinationals that have used brand names or slogans in one country had a questionable translation in the other country (Roudometof 2014). As the consumers are more informed and aware of their choices, the global content strategy shall help in making the brand successful. The local audiences must be targeted and solutions must be provided to cater to their needs. Every marketplace needs to adopt diversity mandatorily. There is more opportunity to grow and offering must be sought after adequate development. The marketing opportunities and strategies must be devised in a manner that is critical to long-term success. This shall help in capturing revenue opportunities in the coplex marketplace (Robertson 2014). Conclusively, the multinationals discover that their experiences and assumptions may fail in a new and unfamiliar market. The glocal employees are making differences beyond domestic borders and achieving the main goal of global strategy. A multinational corporation avoids direct competition with the local groups to know the market better. Not only for product design and communications, the glocal strategy needs to be applied to the seven variables of the marketing mix, namely product, price, place, promotion, people, physical evidence and process. In case of globalization, there is a tendency of international integration of products, services, technology, labour, information and capital. The products are standardized thereby saving cost. The company has conformed to the product offerings and promotional strategies according to different countries and its respective culture. Glocalization is an interactive process that helps multinationals developing core competencies. In case of glob alization, the costs are eliminated by duplicated effort thereby allowing companies to take advantage of economies of scale. Standardization of products may be advantageous in certain areas of business like production. If the multinationals are aware of the customers cultural background, they will be able to adopt better and use more suitable methods (Sun et al. 2017). The global strategies have several advantages to the world. The trend shall continue benefitting the world in the coming time. Glocalization can also be termed as a compromise between domestic and global marketing strategies. With the differences in regional and national level of business, the companies cannot achieve the pursuit of oneness without addressing these differences. The companies adapt standardization as a significant part of globalization that now needs to be adapted based on local tastes and preferences, work culture and customs. This shall help the multinationals in sustaining in the long-term. The businesses need to realize that going glocal is more important than going global in the current scenario. However, the main question is to what extent the companies must go local or global. The answer to this question shall help in discussing and deciding the future course of business. References Beck, U., 2015.What is globalization?. 1st ed. Cambridge, UK: Polity Press. Chinomona, R. and SibandaVaal, D., 2012. When Global Expansion Meets Local Realities in Retailing: Carrefour's Glocal Strategies in Taiwan.International Journal of Business and Management, 8(1). Coe, N. and Lee, Y., 2013. 'We've learnt how to be local': the deepening territorial embeddedness of Samsung-Tesco in South Korea.Journal of Economic Geography, 13(2), pp.327-356. Crawford, A., 2015. McDonald's: A Case Study in Glocalization.Journal of Global Business Issues,9(1), p.11. Drori, G., Ho?llerer, M. and Walgenbach, P., 2013.Organizations and International Management. 1st ed. Hoboken: Taylor and Francis. Drori, G., Hllerer, M. and Walgenbach, P., 2014. Unpacking the glocalization of organization: from term, to theory, to analysis.European Journal of Cultural and Political Sociology, 1(1), pp.85-99. Edgington, D. and Hayter, R., 2012. Glocalization and Regional Headquarters: Japanese Electronics Firms in the ASEAN Region.Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 103(3), pp.647-668. Gond, J. and Boxenbaum, E., 2013. The Glocalization of Responsible Investment: Contextualization Work in France and Qubec.Journal of Business Ethics, 115(4), pp.707-721. Indartono, S. and Chen, C.H.V., 2015. The glocalization of personal ethical threshold: an extension study on eastern context.JOURNAL OF EDUCATION,1(1), p.8. Kansara, V., 2016.How Global Brands Are Thinking Local. [online] The Business of Fashion. Available at: https://www.businessoffashion.com/articles/intelligence/glocalization-localization-retail-lululemon-uniqlo-nike [Accessed 30 Jan. 2017]. Kster, V., 2016. From Contextualization to Glocalization.Exchange, 45(3), pp.203-226. Liu, W., Denizci Guillet, B., Xiao, Q. and Law, R., 2014. Globalization or localization of consumer preferences: The case of hotel room booking.Tourism Management, 41, pp.148-157. Martinsons, M., 2015. Research of information systems: from parochial to international, towards global or glocal?.Information Systems Journal, 26(1), pp.3-19. Matusitz, J. and Lord, L., 2013. Glocalization or Grobalization of Wal-Mart in the US? A Qualitative Analysis.Journal of Organisational Transformation Social Change, 10(1), pp.81-100. Osman, H., Johns, N. and Lugosi, P., 2014. Commercial hospitality in destination experiences: McDonald's and tourists' consumption of space.Tourism Management, 42, pp.238-247. Robertson, R., 2014.Europeanization as Glocalization. 1st ed. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan. Roudometof, V., 2014. Nationalism, globalization and glocalization.Thesis Eleven, 122(1), pp.18-33. Shaw, H., 2011.'Glocalization' rules the world. [online] Financial Post. Available at: https://business.financialpost.com/news/glocalization-rules-the-world [Accessed 30 Jan. 2017]. Sun, Y., Chao, T.Y., Woo, J. and Au, D.W., 2017. An institutional perspective of Glocalization in two Asian tigers: The Structure Agent Strategy of building an age-friendly city.Habitat International,59, pp.101-109. Trapp, R., 2016.Going Global Is Harder Than Executives Think. [online] Forbes.com. Available at: https://www.forbes.com/sites/rogertrapp/2016/02/29/going-global-is-harder-than-executives-think/#7d58498a5915 [Accessed 30 Jan. 2017]. Vorhauser-Smith, S., 2012.Going 'Glocal': How Smart Brands Adapt To Foreign Markets. [online] Forbes.com. Available at: https://www.forbes.com/sites/sylviavorhausersmith/2012/06/22/cultural-homogeneity-is-not-an-automatic-by-product-of-globalization/#4bc75b6d5d6b [Accessed 30 Jan. 2017]. Zhou, L., Wang, J., Chen, X., Lei, C., Zhang, J. and Meng, X., 2017. The development of NBA in China: a glocalization perspective.International Journal of Sports Marketing and Sponsorship, 18(1), pp.81-94.

Stuxnet free essay sample

Future of Cyber War David Adams Legal and Ethical Issues in Computing CIS 4253 The discovery in June 2010 that a cyber worm dubbed ‘Stuxnet’ had struck the Iranian nuclear facility at Natanz suggested that, for cyber war, the future is now. Yet more important is the political and strategic context in which new cyber threats are emerging, and the effects the worm has generated in this respect. Perhaps most striking is the confluence between cyber crime and state action. States are capitalizing on technology whose development is driven by cyber crime, and perhaps outsourcing cyber attacks to non-attributable third parties, including criminal organizations. Cyber offers great potential for striking at enemies with less risk than using traditional military means. It is unclear how much the Stuxnet program cost, but it was almost certainly less than the cost of single fighter-bomber. Yet if damage from cyber attacks can be quickly repaired, careful strategic thought is required in comparing the cost and benefits of cyber versus traditional military attack. We will write a custom essay sample on Stuxnet or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page One important benefit of cyber attack may be its greater opportunity to achieve goals such as retarding the Iranian nuclear program without causing the loss of life or injury to innocent civilians that air strikes would seem more likely to inflict. Nevertheless, cyber attacks do carry a risk of collateral damage, with a risk of political blowback if the attacking parties are identified. Difficulty in identifying a cyber attacker presents multiple headaches for responding. A key strategic risk in cyber attack, finally, lies in potential escalatory responses. Strategies for using cyber weapons like Stuxnet need to take into account that adversaries may attempt to turn them back against us. The discovery in June 2010 that a cyber worm dubbed ‘Stuxnet’ had struck the Iranian nuclear facility at Natanz suggested that, for cyber war, the future is now. Stuxnet has apparently infected over 60,000 computers, more than half of them in Iran; other countries affected include India, Indonesia, China, Azerbaijan, South Korea, Malaysia, the United States, the United Kingdom, Australia, Finland and Germany. The virus continues to spread and infect computer systems via the Internet, although its power to do damage is now limited by the availability of effective antidotes, and a built-in expiration date of 24 June 2012. (McMillan, 2010) Stuxnet is a sophisticated computer program designed to penetrate and establish control over remote systems in a quasi-autonomous fashion. It represents a new generation of ‘fire-and-forget’ malware that can be aimed in cyberspace against selected targets. Those that Stuxnet targeted were ‘air gapped’; in other words, they were not connected to the public Internet and penetration required the use of intermediary devices such as USB sticks to gain access and establish control. Using four ‘zero-day vulnerabilities’ (vulnerabilities previously unknown, so that there has been no time to develop and distribute patches), the Stuxnet worm employs Siemens default passwords to access Windows operating systems that run the WinCC and PCS 7 programs. These are programmable logic controller (PLC) programs that manage industrial plants. The genius of the worm is that it can strike and reprogram a computer target. (Garza, 2010) Some media reports mistakenly thought the Iranian light-water power reactor at Bushehr was also a target. Iran confirmed that Stuxnet infected personal computers there while denying that much damage was inflicted. (Yong, 2010) But Bushehr seems an unlikely target, because the plutonium produced by such light-water reactors is not well suited for weapons purposes. The more likely target is Irans uranium-enrichment program. Although most of the 4,000–5,000 centrifuges operating to date at the pilot and industrial-scale fuel-enrichment facilities at Natanz have been producing only low-enriched uranium, the same centrifuges could be put to use to produce highly enriched uranium for weapons. Alternatively, and in a more likely scenario, it is feared that Iran could be operating secret centrifuge facilities to produce highly enriched uranium. The key to the Stuxnet worm is that it can attack both known and unknown centrifuges. Although there is no hard evidence that Stuxnet has exposed Ahmadinejad to public criticism that the government failed to competently defend key installations, cyber can nevertheless be a tool to discredit, destabilize and weaken the authority of adversarial regimes. Cyber also offers great potential for striking at enemies with less risk than using traditional military means. For example, North Korea poses threats other than through its nuclear program. It is involved, for example, in extensive counterfeiting. Cyber attack offers potential options that may prove effective in countering such criminal activity. Cyber is, moreover, less costly than traditional military action. It is unclear how much the Stuxnet program cost, but it was almost certainly less than the cost of single fighter-bomber. Third parties currently working in concert with a state may or may not be held under tight control. Criminal groups are mercenary. They may well sell their services twice. Outsourcing to the underworld is a slippery slope.

Nisa The Life And Words Of Kung Woman By Marjorie Shostak Essays

Nisa The Life And Words Of Kung Woman By Marjorie Shostak In this paper I am going to discuss the book Nisa The Life and Words of a !Kung Woman, by Marjorie Shostak. In doing this I will describe the culture of the !Kung people, a small hunter-gatherer tribe in Africa. Then I will go on with telling about their sociocultural systems that I have read about in this book. To rap things up I will tell my prediction where the !Kung population is headed into the future. I will use explanations from the book to help me describe my prediction. !Kung culture is a very simple culture. The norms in this society are hard to define; norms are shared rules that define how people are supposed to behave under certain circumstances. Take marriage for example In the book Nisa explains how a women can marry more than once in her lifetime, a !Kung girl is actually married several times before she stays with one man. These appeared to me as trial marriages, the women are too young to want the marriage and usually are the ones to end it. Even after long marriage involving children things such as death and divorce/ separation occur and a woman finds a new husband. So as you can see the norms in the !Kung culture are much different than that of our own norms. Even when marriage is involved the idea of having lovers was not shunned. Although some women do not engage in this act, it is a very common thing among the !Kung. The norm here is to have a lover to keep that young playful and loving attraction alive with someone, even after things have began to settle with your husband. Nisa explains, ?Even my mother had lovers. I'd be with her when she met them. But my father, if he had them, I didn't know She recalls many situations like this, as do most !Kung children. ?I remember, when I was still small, seeing my mother with one man. He met her, took her, and made love to her. I sat nearby and waited. When she came back carrying firewood, I thought, ?I am going to tell!? Then I thought, ?Should I tell Daddy or shouldn't I But when we arrived back at the village, I didn't say anything. I thought if I told, my father would kill my mother.? Most children fear their father's beatings, therefore, will not tell on their mothers. Values, standards by which a society defines what is desirable and undesirable, in !Kung society mainly involve things dealing with sex. The sex they value is not the same sex that our society views it. It is not about looks or big breasts or broad shoulders. They place no value on looks, although Nisa does comment on good-looking people, there is no comments made directly towards ugly people. They do not emphasize on people's bad looks; therefore, they do not have to feel self conscious of their looks. When derogatory comments are made it's about peoples genitals. Once when she was too young to have sex she would decline sex play by saying, ?You, Tuma, you've got an enormous penis! I don't want to be with someone like that!? He said, ? We're going to play and have sex with Big-Vagina over there.? He meant me.? They used this as a way of insulting each other. When it comes to sex having big genitals is a bad thing, therefore, the values in the society are much different from our own. The socialization/ enculturation process of a new !Kung child starts at day one. Enculturation is the process of social interaction through which people learn their culture. When the mother is feeling well enough after the birth, which is usually a few days or as soon as the milk comes in, the baby will go gathering with the mother. That there involves a large part of the culture of everyday life. Although not much is expected of the !Kung children their curiosity makes up for it. Children are willing and eager to learn to hunt and gather, as do the adults. Young males are able to learn about hunting

Writing Essay in IELTS General Samples

Writing Essay in IELTS General SamplesYou might have seen that IELTS general samples have gained popularity among students of all ages. This is because the tests are practical as well as educational. These are the best test for a student with an IELTS score, because they are a kind of homework, and your achievement in these tests is a reflection of how good you really are at learning.All students who excel in their IELTS scores are called to write an essay. There are a few kinds of essays in general, and the type that you will be asked to write depends on what it is you want to express. For example, if you wish to express yourself and explore ideas, a personal essay is best suited to you.The right test essay can turn you into a top IELTS student. Remember that writing in English is the most common way to express oneself. If you cannot write effectively and accurately in English, how can you expect to express yourself clearly in another language? It can certainly be a challenge, but w hen you meet the challenge, you will realize that your essay writing in IELTS general samples is not really difficult at all.There are a number of different types of essays that you will need to know about. If you want to write a news story, you need to choose one type of essay from among the ones offered in the book. You can choose from those that deal with history, culture, or the arts, and these are called topical essays.Essays on science are another type of essay you can write. These can go through the different branches of science or provide insight on the scientific process in general.However, if you need to write about the real subjects, you will need to write one on the topic that you wish to concentrate on. The examples provided in the book may help you with this, but you need to be sure that you are capable of addressing this question.Overall, the test in IELTS general samples is one that provides you with the chance to learn about the basics of the English language. This can be a great tool for students who want to be more fluent in their native language.